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Phonological Awareness

phonological awareness and reading

What is phonological awareness?

Phonological awareness is awareness of the sound structure of words including syllables, rhyming, speech sounds.  

What is phonemic awareness?

Phonemic awareness is a subset of phonological awareness and refers to awareness of individual speech sounds (phonemes). 

therapy to improve phonological awareness

“Phoneme awareness instruction, when linked to systematic decoding and spelling instruction, is a key to preventing reading failure in children who come to school without these prerequisite skills”

Moats (2010)

Phonemic awareness is important as:  

  • It sets readers up ready to understand that words are made up of speech sounds and that these sounds are represented by letters. 
  • It gives readers a way to approach sounding out and reading new words. 
  • It helps readers understand the alphabetic principle (that the letters in words are systematically represented by sounds). 
  • It is fundamental to mapping speech to print. If a child cannot hear that “bat” and “broom” begin with the same sound or cannot blend the sounds /ssssssiiiiiiitttttttt/ into the word “sit”, he or she may have great difficulty connecting sounds with their written symbols or blending sounds to make a word. 

Fact sheet links: 

Multisensory Structured Language Teaching Fact Sheet

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